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Uitspraak (Kliks):

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Eklasini & nga-

UCWANGCISO-SIFUNDO

(LESSON PLAN)

Isifundo:isiXhosa                                                        Isigaba:  8 A6                                                           

Umba:  Kultuur                                                                                                                                        Izikhumbuzi:Nga-

Intshayelelo (Introduction)	Groet die leerders en begin met ‘n nuwe module van die leerder se handboek.
Injongo eqavileyo (Main goal)	Leerders moet nuwe woorde ken (eklasini) en weet hoe om (nga-) “met” in ‘n sin te gebruik.
Inkcazelo ngom/-ngabafundi	±  30 amagama   Die leerders kwaliteite wat ek in gedagte gaan hou is dat hulle nie Xhosa sprekend is nie, en dat hulle nog nie die gebruik van “nga-“ gedoen het nie.
Iinjongo  eziziintlobo-ntlobo ezakhiwe kwinjongo ephambili             (Integrated sub-outcomes)	Umfundi kufuneka awazi uku:  (A learner should be able to):
	1.Leerders moet die eerste tien woorde van die eenheid “eklasini” ken.
	2..Leerders moet  weet hoe “nga” verander, byvoorbeeld: a+a=a; a+i=e; a+ii=ee; a+u=o; a+oo=oo.
	3..Leerders moet “nga” in ‘n sin kan gebruik.
	4.Leerders moet oefeninge kan doen met die gebruik van “nga”.

UMXHOLO & INDLELA YOKUFUNDA NOKUFUNDISA (CONTENT & METHOD)

Imisetyenzana katitshala/kazi ekhankanya nezixhobo zokufunda/-isa (Teacher’s activities plus teaching & learning materials)	Time	Imisetyenzana yom/yabafundi ebandakanya nohlolo lokuqonda (Learner(s)’ activities, including assessment)
Inleiding: ek gaan leerders groet. Daarna gaan ek begin met die woordeskat van “eklasini”.	10min	Leerders moet die vertaling langs die woord skryf en die woorde hardop saam met my herhaal. Leerddrs moet die regte word langs die prent skryf.
Begin met nuwe werk. Die gebruik van “nga” in sinne.	10min	Leerders moet volg wat ek op die bord gaan skryf en die voorbeelde afskryf.
Ek gaan vir die leerders verduidelik wat hulle op bladsy 57 moet doen.	10min	Leerders moet die oefening doen op bladsy 57.
‘n Klastoets gaan uitgedeel word wat ek opgestel het.	10min	Leerders moet die klastoets invul en dan sal dit gemerk word.
Leerders moet aangaan om hulle mondeling te oefen met hulle maat.	12min	Leerders oefen mondeling met hulle maat. Hulle gaan nie raas nie.

UQUKUMBELO NOVAVANYO LWENDLELA ESIQHUBE NGAYO ISIFUNDO (kunye nabafundi) SYNTHESIS AND LESSON EVALUATION (with the learners)

UKUCINGA NZULU WEDWA UNGUTSHALA/KAZI NGENDLELA OBHEXESHE NGAYO IKLASI (Reflection by the facilitator)

Xhosa Storie: Usisa

Xhosa Kultuur Notas

Xhosa Culture

Background info

One of the main ethnic groups is the Xhosa.

The Xhosa were part of the steady Bantu migration movement from southern Zaire in various directions to cover most of Africa, south of the Sahara.   The Xhosa people have developed from an early clan of the Nguni tribal group who migrated from northeast Africa. The Xhosa first settled in Zululand, and later, as a result of conflict with other tribes, moved south towards the Great Fish River. They settled in this beautiful region where rolling hills flow down to natural seashore, named the 'Wild Coast.' Now, this area is called the Eastern Cape.

The oral traditions tell that the name "Xhosa" comes from a legendary leader called uXhosa.  

Family life

Within the family, men traditionally fulfill the roles of warrior, hunter and stockman while the women look after the land and the crops. A clan comprises of a number of family groups, each led by a chief, or Inkosi, who owes his position to his mother's status, notwithstanding the fact the women are not formally given political authority.

Land is communally held, and great emphasis placed on giving according to need: everything is shared in good times and bad.

The Xhosa people have a very rich heritage of which they are proud.  Traditionally they are mostly known as cattle herders and live in beehive shaped huts in scattered homesteads ruled by chiefs.

Customs

·         Children are usually named by their fathers or grandparents .

·         It is important to greet everyone as you arrive and as you go.  If for some reason you are not able to greet everyone, you should greet the oldest person present.  You may not greet someone older than you by their first name.  You should always use titles such as "Father", "Mother", "Pastor" or "Aunt".  You must also ask permission to leave.  Likewise, when serving food, you would serve the oldest person present and men are usually served before women.  Children are always served last.

·         The Xhosa are polygamous, although today only the wealthier men have more than one wife. Prior to marriage, prolonged negotiations take place between the bride's and groom's families over the payment of the bride price (lobola).  It is usually 10 cows or the equivalent in money.

·         In Xhosa tradition, one often found a girlfriend or boyfriend by attending dances. One popular type of dance, called umtshotsho or intlombe, could last all night.

·         Xhosa marriage is called ukwenda. From a young age, women are taught and prepared for marriage so that by the time they come to represent their own homes in their husband's home, they do not embarrass their parents and their maiden home.

·         After giving birth, a mother is expected to remain secluded in her house for at least ten days. In Xhosa tradition, the afterbirth and umbilical cord is buried or burned to protect the baby from sorcery. At the end of the period of seclusion, a goat is sacrificed.

·         Male initiation takes the form of circumcision. The abakwetha (initiates-in-training) live in huts isolated from villages or towns for several weeks. They have their heads shaved and cover their bodies in white clay. They only wear a loincloth and are give a blanket for warmth.

The ritual of female circumcision is considerably shorter. The intonjane(girl to be initiated) is secluded for a week during which the tribe holds dances and perform sacrifices.

 Food

Staple foods are maize and bread, beef, mutton and goats' meat. Xhosas also drink sour milk and sorghum beer. One particular food popularly identified with the Xhosa is umngqusho, a combination of maize, beans and spices.

Traditionally, eggs were taboo for women, and a just-married wife was not allowed to eat certain types of meat. Men were not supposed to drink milk in any village where they might later take a wife.

Clothing

As with the khwetha, many of the traditional rituals of the Xhosa involve strict adherence to codes of dress. Married women keep their heads covered, and hairstyles and headdresses ' often indicating status - remain fashionable.

Depending on the area, a turban cloth worn well down over the eyes may indicate that the wearer has a child; but that she is till observing the ritual of respect she must show her husband's family. In the old days, a girl would go bare-breasted until she married. Until then, a young woman of marriageable age may wear a head cloth and skirt, but no apron. Only on marriage would she be permitted to cover her breasts.

Religion:
Adoration of the ancestors, sometimes called "ancestor worship," is very prominent among the Xhosa people.  The ancestors are still considered part of the community of the family.  They believe the ancestors reward those who honor them and punish those who neglect them.  Many mix ancestor worship with their Christian faith.  There is a strong sense of loyalty among the tribe or community.  Most things are shared and those that have more are expected to share more.

Xhosa Legends

One of the most famous Xhosa man in South Africa today is Nelson Mandela (Qunu). Other well-known Xhosas are Archbishop Desmond Tutu; ex-President Thabo Mbeki (Idutywa)

 Afikaans vertaling:

 Agtergrond inligting:

Een van die belangrikste etniese groepe is die Xhosa.

Die Xhosas was deel van die Bantoe migrasie beweging van die suide van Zaïre af in verskillende rigtings, meestal suid van die Sahara. Die Xhosa-mense stam van die Nguni stam groep af. Die Xhosas het eers in Zululand gewoon en toe suid beweeg in die rigting van die Groot Visrivier, as gevolg van konflik. Dei gebied word nou die Oos-Kaap genoem. Tradisies vertel dat die naam "Xhosa" afkomstig is van 'n legendariese leier genaamd: uXhosa.

Gesinslewe

Mans vervul die rol van ’n vegter, jagter en veeboer, terwyl die vrouens kyk na die grond. 'n stam bestaan ​​uit 'n aantal familie groepe, elk gelei deur 'n hoof, of “Inkosi”, wat sy posisie aan sy ma se status verskuldig is. Vrouens het nie formele politieke gesag in die Xhosa kultuur nie.

Grondgebruik is kommunaal: en 'n groot klem word geplaas op die gee volgens behoefte: alles word gedeel in goeie en slegte tye.

Gebruike (customs)

• Kinders word gewoonlik vernoem deur hulle vaders of grootouers.

• Dit is belangrik om almal te groet as jy by ’n plek aankom en as jy gaan. As jy vir een of ander rede nie in staat is om almal te groet nie, moet jy die oudste persoon teenwoordig groet.

Jy moet altyd gebruik maak van titels soos "Vader", "moeder", "Pastoor" of "tannie". Jy moet ook toestemming vra om kamer te verlaat. Net soos by die bediening van kos, sal jy die oudste persoon teenwoordig eerste bedien en mans word gewoonlik voor vrouens bedien. Kinders word altyd laaste bedien of gehelp. 

•Xhosa mans het meer as een vrou, maar vandag het net die ryker mans meer as een vrou. Voor die huwelik moet die bruid en bruidegom se families onderhandel oor ’n prys vir die bruid: “lobola”. Dit is gewoonlik 10 koeie of die ekwivalent in geld.

• In die Xhosa-tradisie, ontmoet jy dikwels 'n vriendin of kêrel deur danse by te woon. Een van die gewildste tipe danse is die “umtshotsho” of “intlombe” .

• Xhosa huwelik word “ukwenda” genoem.

• Na die geboorte, word 'n ma afgesonder in haar huis vir ten minste tien dae. In die Xhosa-tradisie, word die nageboorte en naelstring begrawe om die baba van toorwery te beskerm, “Inkaba”. Aan die einde van die tydperk van afsondering, word 'n bok geslag “Imbeleko”.

• Manlike inleiding is in die vorm van die besnydenis. Die “abakwetha” woon in hutte geïsoleerd van dorpe of stede af. Hulle koppe word geskeer en bedek hul liggame met wit klei. Hulle bedek hulle liggame net met ’n doek.

• Die instelling van vroulike besnyding is heelwat korter. Die “intonjane” (meisie geïnisieer te word) is afgesonder vir 'n week waartydens die stam danse hou en offers verrig.

Kos

Stapelvoedsel is mielies en brood, bees, skaap en boksvleis. Xhosas drink ook suur melk en sorghum bier. Een spesifieke kos wat algemeen geïdentifiseer is met die Xhosa is “Umngqusho”, 'n kombinasie van mielies, boontjies en

speserye.

Tradisioneel, was eiers taboe vir vroue, en ’n getroude vrou is nie toegelaat om sekere soorte vleis te eet nie. Mans  is nie veronderstel om melk te drink in 'n dorp waar hulle later 'n vrou kan kry nie.

Geloof:

Voorvaderaanbidding is baie prominent onder die Xhosa-mense.

Die voorvaders word nogsteeds beskou as deel van die gemeenskap van die familie. Hulle glo die voorvaders  beloon die wat hulle vereer en straf die wat hulle verwaarloos. Baie Xhosas het ’n mengsel van voorvaderaanbidding en ’n Christelike geloof. Daar is 'n sterk gevoel van lojaliteit onder die stam of gemeenskap.

Die meeste dinge word gedeel in die Xhosa kultuur, en die wat meer het word verwag om meer te deel.

Xhosa Legendes

Een van die mees bekendste Xhosa mans in Suid-Afrika vandag is :Nelson Mandela (Qunu). Ander bekende Xhosas is aartsbiskop Desmond Tutu; oud-president Thabo Mbeki (Idutywa)

The Click Song

Xhosa Click song

X klik in Xhosa

Xhosa X uitspraak

Gedig: Imfundo

Gedig in isiXhosa:

Imfundo

Namhla ndiphuma’ iphulo nexa yokudinwa
Ukudinw’e ndinako kwahlul’ izazi
Imfundo namhla iyatsarha
Bendizanyiselela kuyo ngethemba
Abanfundiwayo suka bandicekisa
Izinyo lenkuku alinqabe kuyaphi njengayo
Yona ifana nje nomlambo
Mlambo oyimfundo ngonomsinga
Kuwel’ indadi ezinamagama ngokuzeyisa
Ezinamagama zingamagama kwangento
Bathi abawala bayiqwalasela isisitshixo
Isitshixo esiloluhlobo sinesithunzi
Xa besitheth’ emntwini ndingathi ukude
Ngenguye othambis’ akagqoloma
Ndiyaloyika lona elo qhaga
Kukhulu okungaphaya kwalo
Ngaphaya kwalo zizijwili zezingqala
Ngaphaya kwalo akukho sizi nabuntu
Ngaphaya kwalo konk’ okushukumayo kulapho
Bulela wena ugcoba olungelweyo
Ube namawenu nomthetheleli
Abaninzi ababuyanga besancokola
Kuphela babuye sele kucatshulw’ eBhayibhileni
Umkhulu Bhayibile nabeza nawe

Gedig vertaling in Engels:

Education

Today I started a campaign because I was tired
This tiredness I have cannot be explained by wise people
Education today is bad
I was getting something with hope
Suddenly the students despised me
The tooth of a chicken is not as scarce as education
Education is like a river
The river of education has streams
Only well-known swimmers will pass this river
Well-known people who are famous
The first observers of education say it is the key
The key has an important role
This type of key has dignity/ respect
If it had to speak, it would say it is far
The who gets it is lucky
I am scared of that lock
There is a lot behind that lock
Behind it there are laments and sighs
Behind it there is no mercy or kindness
Behind the lock is all that matters
You must be grateful when happy things go well for you
You had ancestors and God
Many didn’t come back alive
Instead they came back quoting the bible
The Bible is big that came with you

Xhosa Gedig: Uthando

Gedig in isiXhosa:

Uthando:

Phakathi kezirhalarhume ndim
Phakathi kweyelenqe ndim
Phakathi kwentlebendwane ndim
Phakathi kwenkohliso ndim
Ndimi ngothando
Ukuthundeza ubhityo juyini emntwini?
Ukuthi thaca imana kukuthini?
Ukuvul’ amaphiko okhuselo emntwini?
Ukuzenz’ idini amadini kukuthini?
Olusimanga uthando!
Ukuphuluwa de uzobozeke
Ukuzobozeka de ukiyakiyeke
Ukubang’ umsobo de ube yiyoyo
Kukuzimbel’ umhadi
Icici legolide de lagqithisa lihoyo
Iqhosha elinexabiso eliphela linomhlwa
Uthando oluliliva kwakum
Ukuzibhinqa ilahle
De ubizelwe amaxhegokazi zibuze
De waziwe lulo lonke zibuze
De uthithize undindize ubuze
Isandla simal’ osemhlabeni

Gedig vertaling in Engels:

Love:

Among greedy people, I am there
Among conspirators, I am there
Among gossipers, I am there
Among deceit, I am there
I am standing for love
What does it mean to beg someone for something?
What does it mean to give something for free?
What does it mean to open your arms for protection?
What does it mean to give yourself as a sacrifice?
It is unbelievable love!
To be comfored until you yawn
To yawn until you fall asleep
To be soft/ flexible until you are a yoyo,
Is to dig a hole for yourself
A gold earring surpasses care
A valuable button is finished by rust
Love is painful for me
It ties you up with ash (Puts you in a problem) 
Until the old women are called for you, question yourself
Until everyone knows about your bad behaviour, question yourself
Until you have nothing to say, question yourself
People give up on you.

Klasaktiwiteit 2 Memorandum

Memorandum:

Gee die regte vorm van die woord in hakkies:

1.      Umfundi ubhala (nga+usiba)

= ngosiba

2.      Abantwana bahamba (nga+imoto)

= ngemoto

3.      Ndihamba (nga+oololiwe)

= ngoololiwe

4.      Intombi ibhala (nga+ iipensile)

= ngeepensile

5.      Umama uhamba (nga+uloliwe)

= ngololiwe

6.      Oobhuti bathetha (nga+ oosisi)

= ngoosisi

7.      Ubhuti udlala (nga+isanti)

= ngesanti

8.      Abantu bafunda (nga+iincwadi)

= ngeencwadi

9.      Intombi idada (nga+impahla)

= ngempahla

10.  Umpetroli  usula (nga+amanzi)

= ngamanzi

11.  Abafundi bahamba (nga+ izithuthuthu)

= ngezithuthuthu

12.  Abantu bahamba (nga+iimoto)

= ngeemoto

13.  Ndidlala (nga+ amanzi)

= ngamanzi

14.  Oosisi bahamba (nga+iiteksi)

= ngeeteksie

15.  Ndidlala (nga+ amanzi)

= ngamanzi

Klasaktiwiteit 2 (nga)

Naam en Van:

isiXhosa

Graad: 

Klastoets:

Gee die regte vorm van die woord in hakkies:

1.      Umfundi ubhala (nga+usiba)

2.      Abantwana bahamba (nga+imoto)

3.      Ndihamba (nga+oololiwe)

4.      Intombi ibhala (nga+ iipensile)

5.      Umama uhamba (nga+uloliwe)

6.      Oobhuti bathetha (nga+ oosisi)

7.      Ubhuti udlala (nga+isanti)

8.      Abantu bafunda (nga+iincwadi)

9.      Intombi idada (nga+impahla)

10.  Umpetroli  usula (nga+amanzi)

11.  Abafundi bahamba (nga+ izithuthuthu)

12.  Abantu bahamba (nga+iimoto)

13.  Ndidlala (nga+ amanzi)

14.  Oosisi bahamba (nga+iiteksi)

15.  Ndidlala (nga+ amanzi)